Brummelman et al., 2014: Writing about receiving unconditional regard from peers before getting final grades reduced feelings of shame among poor-performing students
Reference:
Brummelman, E., Thomaes, S., Walton, G. M., Poorthuis, A. M., Overbeek, G., de Castro, B. O., & Bushman, B. J. (2014). Unconditional regard buffers children’s negative self-feelings. Pediatrics, peds-2013.
Download PDFSummary:
Asking adolescents several weeks before receiving final course grades to write for 15-minutes about times when they had experienced unconditional regard from peers (“who always accept and value you, no matter how you behave or how good you are at something”) reduced feelings of shame among students who later received poor grades.
Psychological Process:
Need
Need to BelongWhat Desired Meaning is At Stake?
What is the Person Trying to Understand?
To Feel Connected, Included, Respected, and Valued by OthersHow?
Psychological Question Addressed
Am I connected to others?Am I connected to others?Bolstering beliefs about social connectednessPsychological Question Addressed
Am I connected to others?Psychological Process 2:
Psychological Process 3:
Heading
Am I connected to others?Social Area:
Well-being
Intervention Technique:
Active reflection, on a positive aspect of self